Albertans are discussing a potential general strike for the first time in over a century, triggered by the provincial government’s use of the notwithstanding clause to end a teachers’ strike. The Alberta Federation of Labour (AFL), comprising 24 unions and 175,000 workers, is at the forefront. AFL president Gil McGowan, who also leads the Common Front collective, views any attack on workers’ rights as an attack on all workers.
McGowan has pledged to support workers angered by the government’s suspension of bargaining rights, urging them to participate in recall campaigns and prepare for a potential general strike. The legality of a general strike is a pressing question, with considerations on the actions the Alberta government could take to prevent it and the optimal timing for such action.
Legality of a General Strike
A proposed general strike by the AFL would not meet the Alberta Labour Relations Board’s criteria for a legal strike or lockout. The board mandates that specific conditions must be fulfilled, including the expiration of a collective agreement, engagement in collective bargaining, mediation with a government-appointed mediator, and majority support for strike action following a supervised vote.
James Muir, a history and law associate professor at the University of Alberta, highlights the significance of legal protections for workers and the potential consequences of an unlawful strike. He emphasizes the unifying potential of general strikes in bringing together workers from various sectors to advocate for political change.
Potential Ramifications of an Illegal Strike
Legal strikes safeguard employees from termination but deny them pay. In contrast, illegal strikes expose workers to fines, job loss, and court-ordered consequences. Alberta’s nurses faced severe repercussions during an illegal strike in 1988, resulting in criminal contempt charges and substantial fines for the union.
The government’s utilization of legislative powers, such as the notwithstanding clause to end the teachers’ strike, signals a broader trend impacting labor disputes. Employment lawyer Omar Abougoush warns of potential punitive measures and financial penalties under Bill 2, emphasizing the government’s readiness to enforce back-to-work legislation.
Historical Context: Canada’s General Strikes
The 1919 Winnipeg General Strike, a pivotal event in Canadian history, exemplifies the outcomes of collective worker actions. Despite initial setbacks, the strike led to political shifts and advancements in labor rights, demonstrating the enduring impact of such movements.
Similarly, sympathy strikes in Alberta following the Winnipeg strike underscored the solidarity among workers and influenced subsequent political dynamics. Muir emphasizes the historical significance of these actions in shaping public sentiment and electoral outcomes.
Evaluating the Viability of a General Strike
Despite the challenges and risks associated with general strikes, the AFL views it as a potential strategy to galvanize workers and address labor disputes with the government effectively. McGowan advocates for unity among workers and highlights the strength in numbers as a protective measure against government intervention.
While some question the effectiveness of general strikes in the current legal and political landscape, there remains a belief in their symbolic power and potential for influencing policy decisions. The strategic planning and mobilization of unions are crucial for the success of any potential general strike.
Logistical Considerations
A strategic and coordinated approach is essential for the AFL to garner support and mobilize its unions effectively. Muir suggests a localized strategy with individual unions engaging in targeted actions rather than large-scale simultaneous protests. The timing of a general strike is critical, with considerations on harnessing current public sentiments to maximize impact.