In early September, firefighters were close to containing a 33,000-hectare wildfire complex in Alberta’s Jasper National Park. Park workers were replanting the first batch of trees in the burnt areas, choosing Douglas firs known for their fire resistance. Replanting post-fire is usually a complex and costly process that may not always succeed.
The quick action in Jasper was possible due to prior planning and having seedlings readily available. The greenery was already sprouting again, indicating the soil and root system were somewhat intact. Priority was given to replanting areas near wetlands, erosion-prone slopes, and popular trails. However, planting has been paused to monitor drought conditions and destructive cutworms.
Canada is experiencing its second-worst wildfire season on record, with over 7.3 million hectares burned. Experts believe post-fire forests may not resemble their original state due to climate change. Despite this, there is a chance for healthier and more resilient growth over time.
Replanting after a fire can take years to begin. Efforts in the Ogoki Forest in Northwestern Ontario, scarred by intense fires in 2023, are just starting to see progress. Extensive surveys, assessments, and seed sourcing are crucial before planting can commence. Seedlings are grown for up to two years before being planted by hand.
Ensuring survival of replanted areas can be challenging, especially with climate change impacts. In some instances, initial replanting efforts failed due to extreme heat. In such cases, innovative methods like using pressure washers to help seedlings take root have been employed.
The condition of the land post-fire poses challenges as well. A fire burning too deep can create a water-repellent layer, making replanting impossible. Conversely, not burning deep enough can result in soil issues that require costly solutions. New methods like using drones to drop nutrient-coated seeds directly into the soil are being explored.
Although forest fires can be destructive, they also present opportunities for positive change. Replanting with diverse species that are more resilient to fires is essential. Experts advocate for a broader range of native species and ecosystems, aiming to create a more resilient and diverse environment post-fire.
